How photovoltaics work

Photovoltaics involve converting sunlight into electrical energy using solar cells. An innovation that literally outshines other energy technologies. Instead of obtaining your electricity from a source several kilometres away, you can produce the energy at home.

The photovoltaic effect

Photovoltaic modules lie at the heart of any photovoltaic system. They consist of a variety of solar cells, which convert the sun's energy into electrical energy (photovoltaic effect). The main component of solar cells is silicon, which is fused from sand (which is available in limitless supply) and is only conductive when exposed to solar irradiation. The top surface of a solar cell is sprayed with phosphorus, the bottom is boron. The top has five electrons and the bottom has three electrons: To achieve a balance (4 electrons on either side), silicon (which has 4 electrons) is used as a semiconductor transport medium. This means that when the sun shines, the direct current flows into the connected device.

Components of a photovoltaic system:

Before sun irradiation can be converted to electricity, it has to be directed through the solar module.

• The solar module, the electricity generator, is the blue element on the roof, which is mounted securely using a mounting system. Each photovoltaic module consists of several interconnected solar cells. Solar cells function by converting sunlight into direct current. However, this electricity cannot be used directly and is therefore routed to the inverter.
• The inverter is used to convert the solar direct current from the solar modules into normal electricity for the home, alternating current, with the minimum possible loss.
• Meters similar to those used for a normal electricity meter are used to accurately record the system yield, the electricity fed into the grid and own consumption (link to the own consumption page). The EEG guarantees you remuneration for each kWh fed into the grid or used at home.
• Monitoring systems check that the system is operating correctly, immediately report any faults and thereby ensure the best possible yields.

Conergy´s benefits: Conergy produces all components of a solar energy system in-house and ensures that these are perfectly matched during development. Why not find out for yourself!

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